Auxins and cytokinins are the 2 categories of phytohormones that are most common in biostimulants. But not everyone remembers which of them is responsible for what and how to use them correctly to get the maximum effect.
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🔶 AUXINS 🔶 – a category of phytohormones produced in young parts of plants. They have a huge physiological role in the life of the plant. The main biological functions are:
🔸 Formation and development of the root system, construction of a branched root system;
🔸 Stimulation of cell division and increase in their size;
🔸 Differentiation of leading tissues of shoots;
🔸 Regulation of the processes of flowering, fruiting and entry of the plant into the hibernation period.
🌱 The effect of auxin is inhibited at high intensity of light irradiation, as well as at a high concentration of nitrates and manganese in the soil. In a plant, due to lack of auxin, the optimal balance of hormones is disturbed. This leads to the formation of growth inhibitors: ethylene and abscisic acid in plant tissues. The plant immediately begins the fight against stress, triggering complex physiological processes that are reflected in growth retardation, necrosis, delayed flowering and other processes.
🔷 CYTOKININS 🔷 – is an important category of phytohormones. The main place of synthesis is the tips of roots, seeds at the time of their germination and before ripening. Cytokinins are also produced during meristem protein biosynthesis. They are transported non-polarly along the plant. The main functions are:
🔹 Stimulation of cell division;
🔹 The formation of organs for the accumulation of assimilates;
🔹 Protein synthesis;
🔹 Aging delay;
🔹 Regulation of the operation of the stoma, interruption of the resting state of the plant;
🔹 Activation of water and potassium absorption.
🌱 Cytokinins are involved in many physiological processes in the plant, shoot and root morphogenesis, chloroplast maturation, linear cell growth, formation of additional buds, and aging. Hot weather and an excess of carbon dioxide, a violation of the water balance and a lack of nutrients inhibit the action of cytokinins.
✅ That is why foliar application with phytohormones can stimulate the plant in the right direction in time: the emphasis on auxins is the construction of a strong root system, exactly what is needed at the start of the plant. Active vegetative growth – cytokinin, to extend the vegetation period, build side shoots.
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